Are usually made from different grades of copper, or are mild steel lined with glass. Most commonly they are available with a 3.6m head or a 7.5m head .The higher the heat the more pressure you will get out of your hot water taps and your shower. Low pressure cylinders are usually open vented. Open vented means they are exposed to the atmosphere. A quick way of finding out if you have a low pressure cylinder is looking to see if you have a copper pipe sticking out of your roof . Low pressure hot water cylinders made from copper, can last 20-40 years. They are usually operated at 36 kpa to 72 kpa
Medium Pressure Cylinders:
Are usually a copper cylinder (or a glass lined cylinder) but made from a slightly thicker gauge copper or steel. Medium pressure cylinders usually have a 12m head, which theoretically will give you 2 times as much pressure as a low pressure system. They are usually operated at 120kpa and have a 12m head. Medium pressure cylinders will give you more pressure than a low pressure cylinder, but not as much as a mains pressure cylinders.
Mains Pressure Cylinders:
Are made from stainless steel, or from mild steel that have glass liners in them. Mains pressure cylinders usually operated between 600 - 1100 KPA. However , a mains pressure system is only as good as the water pressure you get from your town supply, or pump. If for example your water pressure is not very good , there is not much point to install a mains pressure system in your home. The main difference between a low and a mains pressure cylinder, is the pressure and the amount of water that comes out of your shower. If for example you have a mains pressure system and someone else in your home turns a water tap on, you will most likely not notice a difference in your water temperature or water pressure but with a low pressure system you may find the water temperature changing from warm to cold.
Cylinders with Coils:
Cylinders with coils are usually used for underfloor heating, wetbacks, or in some cases solar systems. Say for example you wish to connect a wetback to a mains pressure cylinder, you will require a coil in your hot water cylinder. This is because a wetback has to be open vented, and has to be operated as a low pressure system. While the hot water cylinder is operated as on mains pressure. The coil acts as a heat exchanger. The same principal applies, if for example you live in a very cold climate and your pipes are prone to freezing. If for example you would like to conect a solar panel to your cylinder, your solar panel would contain Glycol to prevent it from icing up. You can have coils in low or mains pressure cylinders, however having a coil or 2-3 coils in a hot water cylinder is expensive and in some cases can add a $1000 to the cost of a mains pressure cylinder.
Copper Cylinders:
An advantage of a copper cylinder is that they are usually used for low pressure hot water cylinders and they are made from copper instead of a being glass lined. Copper cylinders are well known to last a long long time as they can last 20-40 years whereas glass lined cylinders have a working life of around 10-20 years.
Another advantage of copper cylinders is they can take the heat, literally speaking! Boiling hot water is not a problem , (remember copper kettles) which makes them ideally suitable for solar and wetback connections. Copper cylinders are good value as usually they do not cost much more than standard glass lined cylinders. The biggest advantage with them is that they tend to last a lot longer and if you decide to install a solar system in years to come, they also will be able to take temperatures higher than 72°C degrees. Solar hot water heaters can bring water to boiling point very quickly on sunny days… You may not think about installing a solar system now, but with raising power prices it is already cheaper having a solar hot water system installed than not having one at all…..
Stainless Steel Cylinders:
Stainless steel cylinders are used for mains pressure. A stainless steel cylinder again should last anywhere between 20-40 years in comparison to that of a glass lined cylinder. Stainless steel cylinders, can also be used for a low pressure system, (just in case you prefer stainless steel over copper), however you can not use a copper cylinder as a mains pressure system. If you are looking to install a solar panel at some stage to your hot water cylinder, stainless steel can take the heat ! And temperatures over 72 °C are not a problem. Stainless steel cylinders are generally used if for example you would like to connect a wetback, solar system, or underfloor heating to your mains pressure cylinder. In most cases you will require to have a coil in your cylinder. Please note. If you are planning to install a solar system it is not always necessary to have a solar coil in your cylinder, please check with your supplier. Coils are only required if your solar system is run with glycol (anti freeze).
Standard (Glass Lined) Cylinders:
Standard cylinders are what most people have in their homes, they are made from mild steel, and have a inner tank that is lined “ with glass ” to protect the mild steel from corrosion Glass lined cylinders are a economical, and usually a little cheaper to buy. The live expectancy is around the 10-20 years , but usually need replacing after around the 15 years. If you are looking at installing a solar system in the future , Glass lined cylinders are usually rated to only 72°C degrees. Solar heating can generate boiling hot water, so a copper or stainless cylinder is better suited. However if you do not want to future proof your Cylinder , and just need an economical priced cylinder, a standart hot water cylinder would do.
Low pressure pros and cons Advantages: They are cost-effective can be used in conjunction with wetback burner to cut power costs, if you use a "copper " low pressure cylinder, they will also be able to take much higher temperatures than 72°C degrees (glass lined cylinders) so you can store hot water at much higher temperatures. They also tend to use less hot water as the water pressure is much lower, which means the water comes out slower out of your shower for example, saving you water and & heating costs. Disadvantages: They won't give maximum performance with modern or imported tapware doesn't provide equal pressure in the shower and other applications.
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